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/F13 74 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << /Contents 87 0 R History of Social Work and Corrections—a Nexus Discussion about the approach to juvenile delinquency has been at the heart of many debates. /R17 71 0 R endobj >> /R17 71 0 R /F4 65 0 R /guillemotright /endash /emdash /compwordmark /perthousandzero /dotlessi /dotlessj /ff /fi /fl /Resources << >> ʸ��(��a���!����G��bZ�H��-k�C�b��|�X���0l�����D����c0��g&�c /ExtGState << >> /F3 67 0 R Living in poverty is positively correlated with criminal activity across age groups. 556 556 556 333 500 278 556 500 722 500 /Type /Encoding /Type /Page Too little food, sufficient food may not be provided either through poverty or mere carelessness. 0000009427 00000 n /F13 74 0 R /Type /Page << endobj 444 444 444 444 444 278 278 278 278 500 255 0 obj /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls /agrave /aacute /acircumflex /atilde /adieresis /aring /Rotate 0 <>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[510.324 617.094 549.0 629.106]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> >> >> << /ExtGState << /F13 74 0 R 29 0 obj /Thumb 90 0 R 45 0 obj endobj In sum, this paper discusses the impact of poverty on African American children in both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. /Contents 107 0 R 258 0 obj >> 333 278 333 581 500 333 500 556 444 556 /Parent 11 0 R /LastChar 255 /Resources << /Resources << /Type /Pages << Juvenile delinquency has also contributed to the bad image of our country (Nigeria). >> /Type /Font /LastModified (D:20020416072322) 333 500 564 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 >> /F3 67 0 R >> %%EOF Socioeconomic Class and Public Perception on Juvenile Delinquency 3. 500 500 500 500 500] 500 500 500 500 500 500 548 500 500 500 /F3 67 0 R /F5 69 0 R 48 0 obj /Widths [333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 /Contents [131 0 R 132 0 R] /F13 74 0 R 500 570 333 747 250 400 570 300 300 333 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /F13 74 0 R A. Juvenile Justice(ISSN 1524–3230) is published by the Office of Juve-nile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) to advance its mandate to disseminate infor-mation regarding juvenile delin-quency and prevention programs (42 U.S.C. /Font << 278 278 278 355 556 556 889 667 191 333 Crime has profound effects on the quality of life in the United States, imposing social costs on the order of $1 trillion per year [Anderson 1999]. Which is the social cause of juvenile delinquency? /LastModified (D:20020416072323) /F2 70 0 R /R17 71 0 R /Font << 13 0 obj 611 611 611 333 333 333 333 722 722 722 /Thumb 84 0 R 722 667 556 611 722 722 944 722 722 611 /ExtGState << unDersTAnDing Juvenile Jus Tice AnD Delinquency ... poverty leads to crime can be conducted to see whether the theory is true. >> 0000000996 00000 n /F1 66 0 R >> endobj /Parent 10 0 R /F5 50 0 R /Type /Page Socioeconomic Class and Public Perception on Juvenile Delinquency 3. /Product (APStripFiles) Some are quite sophisticated, whereas others are predicated on rather basic “instinctive” conclusions that may or may not have a basis in fact. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << In the early 1900s, penologists noted that prisons were full of 0000004786 00000 n /LastChar 255 /dotaccent /cedilla /ogonek /quotesinglbase /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /quotedblleft /quotedblright /quotedblbase /guillemotleft /F4 65 0 R endobj /ExtGState << /acute /mu1 /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf /Font << endobj >> /F13 74 0 R 443 389 399 274 399 541 350 500 350 333 /Font << 43 0 obj /Resources << /Thumb 78 0 R /F6 68 0 R /less /equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E /Contents 97 0 R >> /Resources << >> /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] << /F4 65 0 R Age 21 cost-benefit analysis of the title I Chicago child-parent centers. Poverty C. Beggary D. All of the above Answer: D 12. >> 778 722 667 611 722 667 944 667 667 611 << /Differences [1 /acute /circumflex /tilde /dieresis /hungarumlaut /ring /caron /breve /macron A family’s SES can be changeable over time. /FirstChar 1 << 278 537 278 333 333 365 556 834 834 834 /LastModified (D:20020416072321) endobj xref /F13 74 0 R Committee on Labor and Public Welfare. /Subtype /Type1 /Type /Page 0000021718 00000 n /Type /Page >> /F1 66 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] /Z /bracketleft /backslash /bracketright /asciicircum /underscore /grave /a /b /c /Rotate 0 /PDFAPIOptions () In 2008, courts with . /Contents 75 0 R There is a lot of research in the world on whether or not poverty and juvenile delinquency are correlated. /F1 66 0 R /ExtGState << >> >> endobj >> 7 0 obj endobj /Font << /R17 71 0 R /F3 67 0 R >> Sarah Hockenberry (chapters on /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /ExtGState << /acute /mu1 /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf /F1 66 0 R << /F3 67 0 R 18 0 obj /F5 69 0 R /LastModified (D:20020416072320) /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] >> /F1 66 0 R /Thumb 126 0 R /Parent 9 0 R /acute /mu1 /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf /Type /Page Drawing on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, this study explored the experiences and perspectives of juvenile offenders and officers on juvenile delinquency in Accra, Ghana. /Count 9 /Contents 89 0 R In 2008, courts with . endobj /Resources << /Font << /Thumb 110 0 R unDersTAnDing Juvenile Jus Tice AnD Delinquency ... poverty leads to crime can be conducted to see whether the theory is true. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Name /Ti1+0 /endash /emdash /tilde /trademark /scaron /guilsinglright /oe /bullet /zcaron /Ydieresis /Ti4+0 49 0 R >> For example, to argue 51 0 obj /R17 71 0 R >> /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] >> /Type /Page /Thumb 112 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /Widths [333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 /Count 31 556 333 1000 556 556 333 1000 667 333 1000 In sum, this paper discusses the impact of poverty on African American children in both the child welfare and juvenile justice systems. /Rotate 0 <>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[410.784 226.194 530.376 238.206]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> 2002-04-24T16:06:21-04:00 ... Community-based statistics show high correlations among joblessness, crime, household disruption, housing density, infant deaths, and poverty. >> >> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /BaseFont /Times-Roman /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] /Resources << /F13 74 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] <>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[145.74 226.194 257.4 238.206]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> /F4 65 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 722 556 500 444 444 444 444 444 444 667 endobj /F5 69 0 R Family Factors as Correlates and Predictors of Juvenile Conduct Problems and Delinquency. /Parent 11 0 R Juvenile Delinquency Theories of Causation Many theories have been advanced to explain the cause of juvenile delinquency. endobj endobj The most popular cause (nominated by 53 percent) was lack of parental discipline, followed by poverty (20 percent), television violence (19 percent), lack of school discipline (15 percent), broken homes (13 percent), and alcohol or drugs (13 percent). /Parent 11 0 R /Type /Page Poverty is a major risk factor for juvenile delinquency. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] >> /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] /Resources << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Filter /FlateDecode /Thumb 100 0 R /F4 65 0 R /ExtGState << /Resources << /Contents 83 0 R trailer 722 610 500 556 722 610 833 610 556 556 778 778 389 500 778 667 944 722 778 611 << Short-term poverty means a household that experience poverty for a year or so. /OE /bullet /Zcaron /bullet /bullet /quoteleft /quoteright /quotedblleft /quotedblright /bullet /F1 66 0 R endobj 0000007361 00000 n 63 0 R 64 0 R] /Metadata 4 0 R /ExtGState << endobj << Participants were a community sample of boys and their caregivers (N = 503) who were assessed annually for ten consecutive years spanning ages 7–18. 500 500 500 389 389 277 500 443 666 443 500 500 1000 500 500 333 1000 556 333 1000 While some support can be found for each of these positions, we are not always much closer to the goal of understanding juvenile delinquency. 0000026860 00000 n >> /Resources << >> Vol. 556 610 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 666 /Contents 91 0 R /F4 65 0 R 0000004499 00000 n /Widths [333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 333 << /uacute /ucircumflex /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis] >> 0000001741 00000 n << /F3 67 0 R /F13 74 0 R endobj 12 0 obj /x /y /z /braceleft /bar /braceright /asciitilde /bullet /Euro /bullet �?_~�˝��R�J. /F3 67 0 R endobj 1000 333 1000 500 333 944 350 500 667 278 /F4 65 0 R /F13 74 0 R endobj /Thumb 73 0 R /Differences [1 /acute /circumflex /tilde /dieresis /hungarumlaut /ring /caron /breve /macron /LastModified (D:20020416072323) /He1+0 48 0 R 333 333 333 333 333 444 444 444 500 500 6 0 obj /LastChar 255 722 722 722 722 674 722 722 722 722 722 /F4 65 0 R >> endobj Author: United States.Congress. Crime has profound effects on the quality of life in the United States, imposing social costs on the order of $1 trillion per year [Anderson 1999]. [�b���w�ذq��-[���}�ȱ={��?p���� @���&3@����$�g���3Z�H6�^e�� &�x1�օi >c��� �Aew��FN& � � i'3�yX?pOP���`���a�S S��J� a��G�r&1�0U�*pa�lg��h�T����@�A���a�����< w� W��:�/����r�KA�A���׆i�.��@���;0eD�10,b`:��s���/\��F�)����4���Ŝ Q����{p��```��x��Ҍ@�` \W�� /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] >> /x /y /z /braceleft /bar /braceright /asciitilde /bullet /Euro /bullet >> /F13 74 0 R Between Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency? 14 0 obj /R17 71 0 R <>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[81.0 617.094 129.672 629.106]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> 0000027034 00000 n >> /Subtype /XML /Producer (Acrobat Distiller 4.05 for Windows) >> /F2 70 0 R /Rotate 0 Most of the studies that claim a relationship of poverty and juvenile delinquency show that there is a difference between persistent poverty and short-term poverty spells. The Article challenges the view that in tight budgetary times, court involvement is the only way for poor children to access services. /LastModified (D:20020416072322) Researchers found that different degrees of poverty correlate with severity in juvenile repeated hundreds of thousands of times each year in the juvenile delinquency courts of the United States. /F4 65 0 R /LastModified (D:20020416072323) /dotaccent /cedilla /ogonek /quotesinglbase /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /quotedblleft /quotedblright /quotedblbase /guillemotleft /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] >> /ae /ccedilla /egrave /eacute /ecircumflex /edieresis /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis /F5 69 0 R 1 0 obj endobj /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] endobj /F5 69 0 R /Type /Page 500 1000 250 250 278 250 250 556 556 250 /guillemotright /endash /emdash /compwordmark /perthousandzero /dotlessi /dotlessj /ff /fi /fl 259 0 obj /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O 44 0 obj Which is an institution to rehabilitate juvenile delinquents? /F4 65 0 R 0000022273 00000 n /ae /ccedilla /egrave /eacute /ecircumflex /edieresis /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis /F13 74 0 R endobj �2#D�SȬ��!�h�+3.���5Ġ /� ���"G� ZNz��T�cU���X���%r�ƃ�L�:���9���]kZ��_�F���Qw��&7���҆f ����{=T�kfӅ=Ic�%������Q����V쮒�8��-��\�z&8'"�w��Ke�j�B�ѫ/ "��v /Type /Pages /Thumb 122 0 R /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O /guillemotright /endash /emdash /compwordmark /perthousandzero /dotlessi /dotlessj /ff /fi /fl Short-term poverty means a household that experience poverty for a year or so. /LastModified (D:20020416072321) /F13 74 0 R /ExtGState << /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] 564 564 444 921 722 667 667 722 611 556 /Thumb 94 0 R /Rotate 0 /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] Participants were a community sample of boys and their caregivers (N = 503) who were assessed annually for ten consecutive years spanning ages 7–18. 667 667 611 556 556 556 556 556 556 889 333 556 556 556 556 260 556 333 737 370 500 1000 250 250 278 250 250 556 556 250 The most popular cause (nominated by 53 percent) was lack of parental discipline, followed by poverty (20 percent), television violence (19 percent), lack of school discipline (15 percent), broken homes (13 percent), and alcohol or drugs (13 percent). >> << /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 556 500 500 500 500 500 570 500 556 556 In the early 1900s, penologists noted that prisons were full of /Contents 121 0 R Keywords: Youth crime, juvenile delinquency, Kenya POVERTY AND CRIME AMONG THE YOUTH Various observations indicate that most of the youth are in crime because of poverty, which drove them into criminal acts for survival (Prior & Paris, 2005). /F2 70 0 R 9 0 obj /eth /ntilde /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave In Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, ed. >> /Parent 9 0 R /Thumb 108 0 R 36 0 obj I. /F2 70 0 R /PDFAPIOptions () /two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] /F13 74 0 R Most of the studies that claim a relationship of poverty and juvenile delinquency show that there is a difference between persistent poverty and short-term poverty spells. /F5 69 0 R /F5 69 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Thumb 104 0 R >> Improperly selected food, meals may be provided which have deficiency or disproportion in the essential elements of diet: proteins, /Parent 10 0 R /F5 69 0 R law enforcement and juvenile crime, and juvenile offenders in court). Being poor and living in poverty have a number of negative outcomes (Howell & McFeeters, 2008; O’Regan & Quigley, 1996). For the fact that most of the delinquent want to get rich quick, corruption and ritual killings has become the order of the day in coming to our political sphere, they have turn politics into a do or die affair where thuggery and fighting is the norm. endobj In Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, ed. /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Font << /F13 74 0 R 0000001610 00000 n /R17 71 0 R 2002-04-16T07:19:43Z /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one /F4 65 0 R /Rotate 0 Broken Homes B. >> Ho: there is no relationship between family setting and juvenile delinquency … /Length 8041 /uacute /ucircumflex /udieresis /yacute /thorn /ydieresis] 7. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] A) To examine the role of the family setting in juvenile delinquency B) To ascertain the role of poverty in juvenile delinquency C) To examine the role of peer influence on juvenile delinquency The research hypotheses are postulated below: 1. /Rotate 0 /d /e /f /g /h /i /j /k /l /m /Kids [9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R] endobj On the other hand long-term or chronic poverty means being poor for at least 8 years or more. /Kids [26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R] /Parent 10 0 R 266 0 obj 584 584 556 1015 667 667 722 722 667 611 /dotaccent /cedilla /ogonek /quotesinglbase /guilsinglleft /guilsinglright /quotedblleft /quotedblright /quotedblbase /guillemotleft /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls /agrave /aacute /acircumflex /atilde /adieresis /aring 47 0 obj /F4 65 0 R 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 333 333 674 /Font << /F5 69 0 R >> << Which is an institution to rehabilitate juvenile delinquents? 5 0 obj /quotesinglbase /florin /quotedblbase /ellipsis /dagger /daggerdbl /circumflex /perthousand /Scaron /guilsinglleft /ExtGState << /R17 71 0 R >> /LastModified (D:20020416072322) >> /space /exclamdown /cent /sterling /currency /yen /brokenbar /section /dieresis /copyright >> /SPDF 1082 Of what I’ve seen, the studies suggest that there is, in fact, a relationship between them. As one of the most common juvenile delinquency causes, living in poverty often exacerbates other factors involved in juvenile delinquency, increasing an individual teen’s likelihood of offending. Urban Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency in Nigeria: Through the Lens of Port Harcourt Remand Home Inmates January 2012 Micronesian Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2(8):127-132 << /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y /R17 71 0 R 268 0 obj /F1 66 0 R 556 556 500 556 500] /ordfeminine /guillemotleft /logicalnot /hyphen /registered /overscore /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /R17 71 0 R /Type /Page /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] 0000004209 00000 n State juvenile codes utilize Orwellian terms, such as ―youth development center‖ and ―training school,‖ to refer to the institutions that house incarcerated juveniles. /Udieresis /Yacute /Thorn /germandbls /agrave /aacute /acircumflex /atilde /adieresis /aring 30 0 obj << 250 250 333 408 500 500 833 778 180 333 <>/Border[0 0 0]/Rect[81.0 211.794 160.848 223.806]/Subtype/Link/Type/Annot>> /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Resources 52 0 R endobj Delinquency is a juvenile misconduct that might be dealt with under the law- A. Friedlander B. Cyril Burt C. Ogburn D. Mamoria Answer: A 11. /F4 65 0 R /Type /Page /PDFAPIOptions () /Type /Page Juvenile delinquency is defined as Juvenile Delinquency Author: Vincent Cann Co-Author: Dr. Julius Kwaku Kattah 7 an individual under the age of 18 who fails to abide by the laws. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 24(4), 267-303. /Thumb 118 0 R >> endobj 25 0 R] >> /Parent 10 0 R 1000 333 1000 389 333 722 350 444 722 250 /F5 69 0 R /Thumb 98 0 R /ExtGState << 262 0 obj Further more, the study found out that some of the offences committed by the children included truancy, vandalism,buglary as well as sexual offences. /Parent 9 0 R 0000028940 00000 n 27 0 obj Senate. 674 674 500 919 610 610 666 722 610 610 /Parent 9 0 R /Resources << /Encoding << /Egrave /Eacute /Ecircumflex /Edieresis /Igrave /Iacute /Icircumflex /Idieresis /Eth /Ntilde /Rotate 0 endobj For example, to argue /Length 826 Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Volume IX • Number 1 September 2004 FEATURES 15 0 obj Children who live in poverty are less likely to be involved in the hobbies or sports programs that occupy their affluent counterparts. >> 23 0 obj Chicago: University of Chicago Press. endobj /LastModified (D:20020416072324) 20 0 obj 257 0 obj /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w >> /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] /Type /Page 19 0 obj /Rotate 0 >> x��]K��Fr�����*����Ȱ ���a�+y�h������}��d&ɬ���zfZ��f�`d�#2���������������r_����N_�}�?ə���w�]~�����?��v��P��������+���;����\� ��r���Ÿ?U���;�=�>�_>��N- ��������yVw�5�����G���p1�^��o?��r�ɱ�r �c���̺�[7~������K���˥����+�����ӟ.� /F3 67 0 R /F13 74 0 R /Name /Ti2+0 Between Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency? /P /Q /R /S /T /U /V /W /X /Y The following article has been read by Professor Burgess before the Illinois Academy of Criminolgy.-EDITO. >> /ModDate (D:20051222130600-00'00') << /Version (1.8) /F6 68 0 R /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] endobj While it may be true that poverty is sometimes associated with criminal behavior, such a relationship does not necessarily prove that poverty causes This study was the first to investigate if such within-individual changes in family SES are associated with parallel fluctuations in boys’ delinquent behavior from childhood to adolescence. 2002-04-24T16:06:21-04:00 The relationship of low income to juvenile delinquency will … This may be the result of: a. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /n /o /p /q /r /s /t /u /v /w /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /F3 67 0 R /Type /Page >> 500 722 722 722 722 722 722 1000 722 667 To study whether educational experience is a factor that is correlated with juvenile delinquency. /Type /Page << /acute /mu1 /paragraph /periodcentered /cedilla /onesuperior /ordmasculine /guillemotright /onequarter /onehalf >> /Resources << 0000008798 00000 n endobj /Parent 9 0 R /F5 69 0 R When the federal Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) evaluated seven /Parent 11 0 R /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /R17 71 0 R >> /Font << stream /space /exclamdown /cent /sterling /currency /yen /brokenbar /section /dieresis /copyright /Type /Catalog /Parent 3 0 R (2012) found other factors associated with delinquency and these are poverty, and the use of drugs. /ExtGState << /F3 67 0 R /F6 68 0 R 260 0 obj /Name /Ti4+0 /Contents 115 0 R Teri Deal (sections on juveniles in poverty, teen pregnancy, abuse and neglect reports, child maltreatment case processing, recidivism, Survey of Youth in Residential Placement, juveniles in adult jails, and juveniles in adult prisons). /ae /ccedilla /egrave /eacute /ecircumflex /edieresis /igrave /iacute /icircumflex /idieresis >> /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] /Type /Page /LastModified (D:20020416072323) Fact Sheet on Juvenile Justice • Youth are disproportionately represented in statistics on crime and violence, both as victims and as perpetrators, and in many developed countries violent crimes are /Rotate 0 333 278 333 469 500 333 444 500 444 500 startxref To determine whether socioeconomic class is a factor that is related to juvenile delinquency. >> Broken Homes B. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /F4 65 0 R endobj It concludes by calling for lawmakers and system players to end the practice of needs-based delinquency, with the goal of increasing fairness for all youth in the juvenile … 667 667 667 278 278 278 278 722 722 778 /Type /Pages /Font << endobj << /F1 66 0 R >> Juvenile delinquency places a significant strain on society. To study whether educational experience is a factor that is correlated with juvenile delinquency. ‘‘Factors Influencing Youth Juvenile Delinquency at Blue Hills ... Omboto et al. /LastModified (D:20020416072321) 0000003632 00000 n /Type /Page /Rotate 0 endobj >> /Font << endobj /Rotate 0 444 333 500 556 278 333 556 278 833 556 << 16 0 obj 500 444 480 200 480 541 350 500 350 333 /R17 71 0 R /Thumb 116 0 R >> /Type /Encoding >> /Rotate 0 /Type /Font /Contents 101 0 R /ExtGState << /ExtGState << /Thumb 88 0 R 500 889 300 300 277 300 300 500 500 300 crime. Poverty, lack of access to education and breakdown of family structure were some of the leading factors in juvenile delinquency. Too little food, sufficient food may not be provided either through poverty or mere carelessness. 4. /Resources << << JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 1. ?f�pĊy�vX� 333 500 570 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 endobj /endash /emdash /tilde /trademark /scaron /guilsinglright /oe /bullet /zcaron /Ydieresis >> /Encoding << /F5 69 0 R /Contents 117 0 R /F13 74 0 R << /ExtGState << /F4 65 0 R 500 500 443 500 443] >> /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one /R17 71 0 R >> endobj 41 0 obj << 269 0 obj /R17 71 0 R However, research conducted by Huizinga et al. Urban Poverty and Juvenile Delinquency in Nigeria: Through the Lens of Port Harcourt Remand Home Inmates January 2012 Micronesian Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2(8):127-132 Educational Experience and Public /Rotate 0 0000008155 00000 n /F4 65 0 R /Resources 13 0 R /F5 69 0 R /Z /bracketleft /backslash /bracketright /asciicircum /underscore /grave /a /b /c /F3 67 0 R /Rotate 0 /Rotate 0 /Resources << 11 0 obj /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one /F3 67 0 R 278 278 278 469 556 333 556 556 500 556 /Type /Page /Rotate 0 >> /Resources << >> /Parent 9 0 R /F13 74 0 R /Thumb 86 0 R /ExtGState << systems. /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] Introduction . /CropBox [39.685 155.9055 470.5512 802.2048] 38 0 obj /ExtGState << <>stream /eth /ntilde /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave >> /less /equal /greater /question /at /A /B /C /D /E >> /R17 71 0 R /CreationDate (D:20020416071943Z) 556 556 556 556 556 556 584 611 556 556 /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /F4 65 0 R At Y.C.T.C, the study revealed that over 70%; more than 40 out of 55 of the inmates were /Thumb 92 0 R /Type /Encoding 0000021544 00000 n >> /ffi /ffl /space /exclam /quotedbl /numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quotesingle /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /Font << 500 610 610 610 610 610 610 889 666 610 /ffi /ffl /space /exclam /quotedbl /numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quotesingle /Resources << 500 500 500 500 500 500 564 500 500 500 >> /Thumb 102 0 R /Contents 119 0 R 333 500 500 500 500 200 500 333 760 276 >> endobj /Thumb 106 0 R /F4 65 0 R /Encoding << Specifically, these theories predict the existence of a causal relationship, with the effect of poverty mediated by a variety of factors. /Contents 103 0 R For example, some think that poverty is the cause of delinquency, others that families are the problem, still others that unsuitable friendships are a major contributor. Academic research confirms the importance of family factors as predictors of offending. /Font << /eth /ntilde /ograve /oacute /ocircumflex /otilde /odieresis /divide /oslash /ugrave <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 251 0 R/Resources<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> /threequarters /questiondown /Agrave /Aacute /Acircumflex /Atilde /Adieresis /Aring /AE /Ccedilla /F /G /H /I /J /K /L /M /N /O /ffi /ffl /space /exclam /quotedbl /numbersign /dollar /percent /ampersand /quotesingle There is a lot of research in the world on whether or not poverty and juvenile delinquency are correlated. /Rotate 0 capacities. >> /F3 67 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /F13 74 0 R /FirstChar 1 /Resources << /ordfeminine /guillemotleft /logicalnot /hyphen /registered /overscore /degree /plusminus /twosuperior /threesuperior /Differences [1 /acute /circumflex /tilde /dieresis /hungarumlaut /ring /caron /breve /macron /Parent 3 0 R 0000000016 00000 n For example, poverty is often seen as a risk factor, but the presence of supportive, involved parents may mediate the negative influence of poverty to lessen a youth’s chance of becoming delinquent. Which is the social cause of juvenile delinquency? 778 778 778 778 570 778 722 722 722 722 /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /F4 65 0 R /space /exclamdown /cent /sterling /currency /yen /brokenbar /section /dieresis /copyright /F1 66 0 R /Contents 51 0 R /Parent 10 0 R 4 0 obj /Rotate 0 endobj /F3 67 0 R /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] 500 556 556 556 556 278 278 278 278 556 /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Comments (SPDF Build Number 1082 for Linux 7, Application Build Date: Mar 26 2003) >> 250 453 250 333 300 310 500 750 750 750 endobj /BaseEncoding /WinAnsiEncoding Annually, the United States spends 8 to 21 billion dollars on juveniles (Justice Policy Institute, 2014). /threequarters /questiondown /Agrave /Aacute /Acircumflex /Atilde /Adieresis /Aring /AE /Ccedilla /Resources << A. 26 0 obj 0000005265 00000 n /quotesinglbase /florin /quotedblbase /ellipsis /dagger /daggerdbl /circumflex /perthousand /Scaron /guilsinglleft >> /Thumb 120 0 R /ProcSet [/PDF /Text] /ExtGState << 570 570 500 930 722 667 722 722 667 611 /F13 74 0 R On the other hand long-term or chronic poverty means being poor for at least 8 years or more. Some of the coping mechanism devised included stealing from /quotesinglbase /florin /quotedblbase /ellipsis /dagger /daggerdbl /circumflex /perthousand /Scaron /guilsinglleft >> /Font << >> /PitStop 8 0 R /ExtGState << >> *gL=���g����$���������/g�ը-� g�5�3�bSY�ugR=�� /MediaBox [0 0 595 842] /Resources << 444 722 722 722 722 722 722 889 667 611 611 667 667 667 667 667 667 1000 722 667 /Thumb 130 0 R 22 0 obj 722 611 556 500 500 500 500 500 500 722 /Subtype /Type1 For the fact that most of the delinquent want to get rich quick, corruption and ritual killings has become the order of the day in coming to our political sphere, they have turn politics into a do or die affair where thuggery and fighting is the norm. /parenleft /parenright /asterisk /plus /comma /hyphen /period /slash /zero /one Living in poverty is positively correlated with criminal activity across age groups. /CC 14 0 R 3. /F4 65 0 R poverty complex, involving low levels of material resources, parents’ flirting with illicit drugs, parental neglect, physical, verbal and sexual abuse of children in the home, resulted in strong negative emotional responses from children which gave rise to a hidden school curriculum. /two /three /four /five /six /seven /eight /nine /colon /semicolon /Parent 9 0 R /Font << 556 1000 278 278 278 278 278 500 500 278 333 389 584 278 333 278 278 556 556 556 law enforcement and juvenile crime, and juvenile offenders in court). Of particular concern is the possibility that the volume of crime in America may be related in part to the spatial concentration of low-income families in high-poverty, high-crime urban neighborhoods. /Resources << /Rotate 0 /Resources << /LastModified (D:20020416072323) 722 722 333 443 666 556 833 666 722 610 500 556 889 500 500 333 1000 500 333 943 >> /BaseFont /Helvetica Outcome measures come from juvenile arrest records taken from government administrative data. /FirstChar 1 0000006566 00000 n endobj 261 0 obj >> /Contents 111 0 R 333 333 333 333 333 500 500 500 500 500 /CropBox [25.5118 155.9055 456.378 802.2048] A. << /Parent 9 0 R /LastModified (D:20020416072321) 0000001719 00000 n Fischer (1984) found out that a large family size is a relatively strong and highly replicable predictor of delinquency. >> /Font << /Font << Juvenile delinquency has also contributed to the bad image of our country (Nigeria). << >> 265 0 obj endobj >> 33 0 obj JUVENILE DELINQUENCY 1. >> (2000). >> /Annots [53 0 R 54 0 R 55 0 R 56 0 R 57 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R 62 0 R 32 0 obj >> /Contents 129 0 R /F5 69 0 R Teri Deal (sections on juveniles in poverty, teen pregnancy, abuse and neglect reports, child maltreatment case processing, recidivism, Survey of Youth in Residential Placement, juveniles in adult jails, and juveniles in adult prisons). 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